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Gulu lachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri

Pali mitundu isanu yofunikira yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri:austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, duplex, ndi kuuma kwamvula.

(1) Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za Austenitic sizikhala ndi maginito, ndipo magiredi oyimira zitsulo ndi 18% chromium anawonjezera ndi kuchuluka kwa faifi tambala kuwonjezeredwa kukulitsa kukana kwa dzimbiri.Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo makalasi.

(2) Ferrite ndi maginito, ndipo chinthu cha chromium ndichomwe chili ndi gawo lalikulu la 17%.Izi zimakhala ndi kukana kwa okosijeni wabwino.

(3) Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Martensitic chimakhalanso ndi maginito, zomwe zili mu chromium nthawi zambiri zimakhala 13%, ndipo zimakhala ndi gawo loyenera la kaboni, lomwe limatha kuumitsidwa ndi kuzimitsa ndi kutentha.

(4) Duplex zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana a ferrite ndi austenite, zomwe zili mu chromium zili pakati pa 18% ndi 28%, ndipo zomwe zili mu nickel zili pakati pa 4.5% ndi 8%.Iwo amalimbana kwambiri ndi dzimbiri kloridi.Zotsatira zabwino.

(5)Zomwe zili mu chromium muzitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi 17, ndipo kuchuluka kwa nickel, mkuwa ndi niobium kumawonjezedwa, zomwe zingathe kuumitsidwa ndi mvula ndi ukalamba.

Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka metallographic, imatha kugawidwa mu:

(1)Ferritic zosapanga dzimbiri (400 mndandanda), chromium zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo, makamaka akuimiridwa ndi Gr13, G17, Gr27-30;

(2)Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha Austenitic (300 mndandanda), chromium-nickel chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka choimiridwa ndi 304, 316, 321, etc.;

(3)Martensitic zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri (200 mndandanda), chromium-manganese chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, okhutira kwambiri ndi mpweya, makamaka akuimiridwa ndi 1Gr13, etc.